Gentowa

Materials, as for example collagen, are used also by correction of eyes, but not always.

This way was offered to a single 28-year-old patient by a specialist. She wanted to eliminate the dark circles under her eyes. She said she looked like after making a night of it, even she has slept long enough. “And if I don´t sleep long enough, in the morning are my lids are swollen and I look like Derrick.“

She thought i tis enough to cut a little bit the lower eyelash, then to cut away a little bit of skin and then to saw it again. But it wasn´t so easy. She doesn´t have any wrinkles and it means she doesn´t have any abundant skin that could be cut away.

Her surgeon has prepared another way how to solve this problem:

Her skin is connected to a bone under the eyes by a bine. The bines may be smooth, but also strong and they fix skin to the bone. On the dividing line of the contour of bone and the hole after the eye a cut will be created. The cut creates the circles. To make these both surfaces equal it is enough to use a collagen or fat. But there is a risk, too. Skin is too thin in this place. If the fat is used – the biological material which may be changed by the time – there is a risk that an unequal relief may be created. The collagen and other materials are too expensive although the operation is short. The advantage of it is that, that you can inject some amount of collagen and if the patient is still not satisfied the process may be repeated. So i tis the operation without a scalpel.

A “sac“ under the eye may be created also by accumulated fat and a released muscle. The muscle is getting weaker year by year and the sacs are more marked. They make an impression as the hole was making bigger. It is an ilusion.

If there are wrinkles, too, it is necessary to make an combined operation. To shorten skin and to take out the fat. The cut is lead two millimetres under eyelash. By this cut you can make the way to the fat free and so it can be taken out. But this method is not used every time.

Before the operation it is necessary to estimate the given state individually. Has the patient many wrinkles? How weak is skin? Is there too much of skin?

In the case that skin is strong enough and “only“ full of wrinkles, there is another method: to use the laser, which makes skin smooth and make the collagen fibres stronger.

When the upper lid is slack, it creates the sad appearance of face and a human looks tired. Then skin, muscle and fat are taken out – in different combination and according to necessary extant.

It is provided by the local anaesthesia. The cuts are lead on the upper lids in a natural line. On the lower lid several milimetres under its border. The both ends several millimetres beyond the outer canthus. The abundant skin, muscle and fat are taken out according to necessary extant.

Stitches are removed on the fifth or sixth day after the operation.

A skin strap of a needed width is cut off closely above the red, the red is extended up on the place where the skin strap was cut off. Although the smoothest injection and stitches are used, the patient has to hope the scars will be invisible, or only less visible.

The marks of the intervention stay everytime, depends on individuality. Everyone has a visible white line etween the red and the lip which make the contrast. And after the intervention the contrast isn´t so visible anymore and a patient should know it.

A permanent make-up – the tattooed contour of lips by pigmented color – save the situation. It will last 3 – 5 years, according to the quality of skin. This is provided in tattoo saloons or in bigger comestic saloons. The price is 2 – 3 tousends crowns.

The correction of nose is in the plastic surgery considered as the most technical method, because nose is a threedimensional organ in the middle of face. By the intervention it is necessary to “play“ with small bones and gristles, what is too difficult and hard work. The millimetres play an important role. Some phases of the intervention are provided by assessment, intuitive and following the experiences.

The correction of nose belongs among the most frequent operations made on men, too.

The dicreasing of nose is the intervention that is provided by the local or whole anaesthesia.

According to the necessity the chondral or bone part of nose are operated.

The cuts are lead inside of nose, rarely outside on skin. In that case is their size minimal and placed on the less visible place.

After the intervention tampons are placed inside of nose for two days. From the outside it is fixed by a strap and a splint for 1 – 2 weeks.

Edema and bruise disappear within the next 10 days. The less sensitivity of nose, the fixation of skin, tangible small roughness and other showings are normal changes in the time after the operation and they disappear continuosly.

The final result will be visible mostly 4 – 6 months later, sometimes much later.

The size and form of nose should not be evaluate isolated, but complexy in comparison to whole face. The goal of the operation should be the achievement of balance between the length of nose, forehead and chin by the side-view. The difference between the width of back and tip of nose should not be big. There are many of such small details on nose.

The operation of nose is provided by the local anaesthesia. At first a pill for relaxation is given to the patient, then wadding tampons are put inside his or her nose. The tampons are sodden in special solution, which make mucous numb and then the nose will be made numb by injections. The already mentioned “special solution“ is 10 % cocaine.

Even if the nose is numb, a patient may feel touching, pressure or pull, but he or she shoud not feel the sharp pain.

The most of doctors say it is better to provide this operation only under the local anaesthesia. Because if there is a whole anaesthesia, as a patient wake up, he or she wants to breath through nose. There are tampons in nose and suddenly they can´t breath. It is a shock and within the first several seconds a patient doesn´t know or doesn´t realise it is enough only to open mouth. And to avoid this unpleasant shock it is better to use the local anaesthesia.

But some surgeons say the second way is better.

In the first day after the operation, skin must be covered by a steril vaseline, to keep it plint. Otherwise, as for example by burn, it would be dry. On the second day the burning will disappear, but skin is still dripping wet. Edema is the effect of this. In the places where the ray has reached the connection of skin and epidermis, may be small scars.

Three days later the dripping wet ends and the only sign that there was an operation is the light red color in face of different intesity – it depends on the type of skin, how big place have been operated and how deep was the ray.

There comes the critical period of time. If the red color doesn´t disappear, face can´t be exposed to the day light – neither if it is cloudy. Solarium is strictly forbidden. There is a tendency among people to go out after the operation. But the UV rays are still dangerous, although the sun isn´t shining. Each patient has to use a sun bathing lotion with an UV filter with the factor 20 or more all day long. It isn´t necessary inside of a flat or a house.

The color of face is fading until it disappears completely so the difference between the parts that were operated and the rest of face is invisible. It may takes weeks or months. Individualy it may takes four to six months. Then is the patient already out of dangerous and the sun light rays aren´t so dangerous anymore. The sun light rays may cause the different chromatosis and the creation of color stains.

If the patient follows the instructions there won´t stay any signs on skin. If it takes too long time, it can become boring. The patient may forget some rules or he doesn´t want to do it. He will go out, although the sun isn´t shining in the evening, but the sun light rays may still be there and they can cause many problems.

The most effectiv and the most modern is the laser method. The operated place is healing as the burn on skin – by small edema, dripping wet, sometimes small scars – lasting several days while the vaseline is beeing used. Then there is the red color in face tha may lead several weeks or several months.

By using one type of the laser only some types of „mistakes of beauty“ may be improved. If the patient want some hair on body beeing elliminated, it is necessary to use another type of laser. The laser isn´t a substitution of a classic facelift. The both methods may be used simultaneously, but it can be substituted. By using laser, not only wrinkles can be smoothed, but also the scars after acne. The instructions of a doctor must be fullfiled exactly.

A young passionate girl who likes going skiing had scars on her face caused by acne since she was a teenager. In November she was operated and in March she had to come on control. As she came she had unequal stains. She put a lotion on her face because a doctor told it to her. And she didn´t take part in any exotic holiday. She went „only“ skiing. But she protected her face by shawl…but the sun rays went through the shawl also wenn the sun wasn´t shining.

Several minutes of exposition of UV rays is enough, and not staying the whole days on an uphill. It wasn´t so bad for her but it was necessary to have next time for recovery. The stains may disappear spontaneously. If not, face may be operated by laser one more time, but the result isn´t sure.

Some women with full lips look as their lips blend with face. They are missing the contour. It is possible to create it by the surgical way, but never by collagen. It is used to fill it up, to increase its wolume.

The using of collagen is disputable, although it has some advantages and simple application. The source of collagen is beef-cattle. It is not so good in the time of BSE. Practicaly it is used from skin of young calfs and the BSE afflict the beef-cattle that is older than two years. And the method of processing by the production of collagen doesn´t allow to any microorganisms to stay alive. The official declaration of specialists says the method is safety.

A Russian girl has visited Slovakia and she wanted her breasts to increase by using Artecoll. Because she has read it and so she know it is possible! If it was possible, she would pay 5 – 6 millions crowns only for substance. Practically it would not be possible.

In fact, what is collagen? A substance of an albuminous character, which is mostly in human skin in the form of collagen fibres. It is created from the skin of animals.

Resoplast, the collagen that can be absorbed may be used for smoothing of wrinkles or for increasing of lips, but the result is only temporal. The wrinkles will appear again, lips will decrease again into its previous form and size.

Artecoll the collagen with addition of microacryl, it stays on the place all life long. But it is not so good, because if a woman or a girl doesn´t get accustomed to big lips, it can´t be removed.

The organism degrades the collagen and on the holder join its own collagen tissue. The principle is the change of the strange collagen with the own one, which body is accustomed to.

The Artecoll which a surgeon works with, is expensive. It is a fact. A half “cubic“ of Artecoll costs around 10 000 crowns (and the prises rise). And so it is applied only on small surfaces.

The extension of lips by using collagen.

A 29-year-old woman – cosmetician – was operated two years ago. She had been using a pencil to make the contours of her lips voluminous. The upper lip was too thin and the permanent make-up didn´t help. The decision was made from one day to another.

Although she is afraid of injections she let her lips beeing cut and increased. During the consultation she found out that it will be enough when a cubic centimeter of collagen will be injected into the upper lip.

At first the alergy test was necessary. You can´t never say how will be the reaction of body on a foreign substance. Whether it will accept it or refuse it. So the surgeon injected her a little bit of collagen into her arm and after some time she came on the control. There was not any unwanted reaction and so she made a term with a surgeon. The operation took less than one hour. After the anaesthesia the surgeon injected her a half of “cubic“ into the left part and a half of “cubic“ into the right part of upper lip and he massaged it softly. The woman came home as a duck. The lower lip was normal, the upper lip was filled by collagen and also swollen. By the morning it became blue.

After a week these changes disappeared and the result was visible.

“I should have done it long ago“, she said everytime, as she was chceking her new lips in a mirror. The first day she used a straw when she was drinking and she could eat only slurry meal and she felt small “balls“ in the lip – Artecoll. It was impossible for her to connect the lips so that they could tighten. The collagen in the form of small balls she felt for next several months.

The woman had a small space between her upper lip and nose so this way – collagen – was the best way how to increase the upper lip. Later she let the contour of her lips beeing tattooed by a pigment color and so she was sutisfied completely.

The amount of collagen may be used again and the lips may be increased step by step. It isn´t good to inject collagen or another substance in the bigger amount at once. The lip is sensitive and it is swollen during the operation. So the patient can´t say during the intervention whether it is enough or whether she wants more collagen. Because the picture in a mirror isn´t the real picture.

-At puberty adolescents are very critical towards adults,each action of adult they evaluate morally and criticize,they are severe to other but they are indulgently towards themselve.

- The children want to get out from the influence of their parents because the children desire for separateness. They expressed it by resistance and revolt, also by negative way and asocia talk.

- All temperamentally lines are expressed more expressive and more distinctly at puberty. But those temperamentally lines are more negative. That is why in this time between parents and children are more conflics.

- Adolescents yearn, that the adults handling with them as with adults. When the parents do not do it the conflicts start. Adolescent thinks that nobody understand him and also he think that the parents and other people do not understand him. The adolescent yearn about something new or remarkable or somethig extra, but usually he do not know what he want.

- When somebody comments him then he is very sensitive and untouchable, he is also reacts very inplusively but often he reacts aggressively.

When the parents want to break down the resistance of the adolescent by shouting or fight, it will be very bad thing what they will do. When the parents use the shout and fight it leads the adolescent to the wryness, to negative actions, to telling lies, to moral hatred or to abashedness, also it leads to the lack of iniciative and it origins the complex of minus-valuables.

- The adolescents are changed also from the sensual site. They grows up very quickly, their secondarily sexual symbols develop, the muscles increase and girls have more fat.

- The adolescents have the strong will. They are more tired from sensual and psychic things. They also quickly change their temper and they underlie the new experiences and effects.

- The adolescent in puberty changes the relation to the other sexes. The boys and girls yearn for relative converge, which is not easy, because the boys have fear from their own imperfection, ineffectualness and also they fear from the mockery. That is why the group of boys idolize only one girl or the group of girls idolize the famous sportmen, songer or showmen. Later the individual relations get on. In this individual relations the adolescent idealizes, the adolescent thinks that his girl or her boy is ideal.

- The young people think that the appearance of the other people is everything. This is the fact that their self-assurance remains. The parents already needn‘t to warn them in the dressing.

- The girls watch themselves near the mirror, they study their expression of their face. They valuate their figure and gracefulness of their motions and they exercise themselves in the effective smile.

- The boys relatively gladly watch themselves in mirror.

- Friendship in this time in the period of puberty is expressed by strong emotional relation. The true-heartedness is very important in this age. The adolescent want to aim to retain the friendship. He is able to disturb commands of his parents. That is why is very important with whom has this adolescent relationship.